Note:
Michigan Test for Teacher Certification will assess teacher candidate content knowledge in Economics.  The single discipline Michigan Test for Teacher Certification in Economics will cover knowledge of Economics (60%); basic information in Geography, History, and Political Science (20%); and skills using information processing, inquiry, and issue analysis (20%). 

1.0

Standard 1: Have Content Area Knowledge

The program will provide candidates with a minor (20 semester hour minimum) or a major (30 semester hour minimum) providing in-depth knowledge of the content specified in Michigan Curriculum Framework content standards for economics. 

The secondary economics  majors is 30 credits.

The secondary minor is 20/1 credits.

Required course are in Bold

Taking into account the education needs of students, the teacher candidate is able to:

1.1

describe how the economic forces of scarcity and choice affect personal financial decisions;

Elementary

Major:

Minor:

Secondary

Major

The introductory classes, ECON 201 and ECON 202 provide an extensive  introduction to the field, including the importance of scarcity across both macro and micro economics, and the way in which scarcity affects both individual and societal decision-making.  The later sequence of required courses, ECON 301 and ECON 302 provide instruction in greater depth about the role of scarcity in personal decisions.

Minor

The introductory classes, ECON 201 and ECON 202 provide an extensive  introduction to the field, including the importance of scarcity across both macro and micro economics, and the way in which scarcity affects both individual and societal decision-making. 

1.2

describe how the economic forces of scarcity and choice shape consumer decisions regarding the purchase, use, and disposal of goods and services affect the economic well-being of individuals and society;

Elementary

Major:

Minor:

Secondary

Major

The introductory classes, ECON 201 and ECON 202 provide an extensive  introduction to the field, including the importance of scarcity across both macro and micro economics, and the way in which scarcity affects personal decisions, which then have an effect on the larger economy.  The later sequence of required courses, ECON 301 and ECON 302 provide instruction in greater depth about the role of scarcity in personal decision-making, and its impact on the economy and society.

Minor

The introductory classes, ECON 201 and ECON 202 provide an extensive  introduction to the field, including the importance of scarcity across both macro and micro economics, and the way in which scarcity affects personal decisions, which then have an effect on the larger economy.

1.3

explain why the scarcity of resources leads business people to choose strategically what to produce, when to produce, and for whom to produce goods and services when they want to maximize profits;

Elementary

Major:

Minor:

Secondary

Major

The introductory classes, ECON 201 and ECON 202 provide an extensive  introduction to the field, including the importance of scarcity across both macro and micro economics, and the way in which scarcity affects business decisions, which then have an effect on the larger economy. The later sequence of required courses, ECON 301 and ECON 302 provide instruction in greater depth about the role of scarcity in business decision-making, and its impact on the economy and society.  The elective course,

ECON 405 Economic Analysis for Business , explores this issue of business planning and strategic thinking in depth, as does the elective course  ECON 445 Economic Fluctuations and Forecasting .  Other elective courses that address the subject of business planning and microeconomic analysis include the following:

ECON 300 Contemporary Economics

ECON 323 Labor and Government

ECON 324 Unionism in the Public Sector

ECON 340 Money and Banking 

ECON 350 Government Finance

ECON 375 Economic History of the United States

ECON 407 Economic Analysis and Law

ECON 440 Money, Credit,  and Monetary Policy.

Minor

The introductory classes, ECON 201 and ECON 202 provide an extensive  introduction to the field, including the importance of scarcity across both macro and micro economics, and the way in which scarcity affects business decisions, which then have an effect on the larger economy.

The elective course,

ECON 405 Economic Analysis for Business , explores this issue of business planning and strategic thinking in depth, as does the elective course  ECON 445 Economic Fluctuations and Forecasting .  Other elective courses that address the subject of business planning and microeconomic analysis include the following:

ECON 300 Contemporary Economics

ECON 323 Labor and Government

ECON 324 Unionism in the Public Sector

ECON 340 Money and Banking 

ECON 350 Government Finance

ECON 375 Economic History of the United States

ECON 407 Economic Analysis and Law

ECON 440 Money, Credit, and Monetary Policy

1.4

describe how government decisions on taxation and spending impact what is produced, how it is produced, and who receives the benefit of production;

Elementary

Major:

Minor:

Secondary

Major

The introductory classes, ECON 201 and ECON 202 provide an extensive  introduction to the field, including the importance of government policy in shaping the larger economy.  This includes issues such as government regulation. The later sequence of required courses, ECON 301 and ECON 302 provide instruction in greater depth about the role of government policy on business decision-making, and its impact on the economy and society.  The elective course, ECON 327 Economics of Poverty, Inequality and Discrimination, addresses the issue of government poverty policy on the economy.   The electives ECON 445 Economic Fluctuations and Forecasting  and ECON  300, Contemporary Economics, both address the ways in which businesses respond to government policies and regulation. Other electives that deal extensively with issues of government’s role in the economy include:

ECON 323 Labor and Government

ECON 324 Unionism in the Public Sector

ECON 340 Money and Banking 

ECON 350 Government Finance

ECON 375 Economic History of the United States

ECON 407 Economic Analysis and Law

ECON 440 Money, Credit, and Monetary Policy

Minor

The introductory classes, ECON 201 and ECON 202 provide an extensive  introduction to the field, including the importance of government policy in shaping the larger economy.  This includes issues such as government regulation. The elective course, ECON 327 Economics of Poverty, Inequality and Discrimination, addresses the issue of government poverty policy on the economy.   The electives ECON 445 Economic Fluctuations and Forecasting  and ECON  300, Contemporary Economics, both address the ways in which businesses respond to government policies and regulation. Other electives that deal extensively with issues of government’s role in the economy include:

ECON 323 Labor and Government

ECON 324 Unionism in the Public Sector

ECON 340 Money and Banking 

ECON 350 Government Finance

ECON 375 Economic History of the United States

ECON 407 Economic Analysis and Law

ECON 440 Money, Credit, and Monetary Policy

1.5

describe how government decisions on public goods, regulation, and foreign policy impact producers, consumers, and investors;

Elementary

Major:

Minor:

Secondary

Major

The introductory classes, ECON 201 and ECON 202 provide an extensive  introduction to the field, including the importance of government policy in shaping the larger economy.  This includes issues such as taxation, government spending, and government regulation. The later sequence of required courses, ECON 301 and ECON 302 provide instruction in greater depth about the role of government spending  in business decision-making, and its impact on the economy and society.  The elective course, ECON 327 Economics of Poverty, Inequality and Discrimination, addresses the issue of government welfare spending on the economy.   The electives

ECON 445 Economic Fluctuations and Forecasting  and ECON  300, Contemporary Economics, both address the ways in which businesses respond to government policies and regulation. Other electives that deal extensively with issues of government’s role in the economy include:

ECON 323 Labor and Government

ECON 324 Unionism in the Public Sector

ECON 340 Money and Banking 

ECON 350 Government Finance

ECON 375 Economic History of the United States

ECON 407 Economic Analysis and Law

ECON 440 Money, Credit, and Monetary Policy

Minor

The introductory classes, ECON 201 and ECON 202 provide an extensive  introduction to the field, including the importance of government policy in shaping the larger economy.  This includes issues such as government policy, and government regulation. ECON 327 Economics of Poverty, Inequality and Discrimination, addresses the issue of government welfare spending on the economy.   The electives

ECON 445 Economic Fluctuations and Forecasting  and ECON  300, Contemporary Economics, both address the ways in which businesses respond to government policies and regulation. Other electives that deal extensively with issues of government’s role in the economy include:

ECON 323 Labor and Government

ECON 324 Unionism in the Public Sector

ECON 340 Money and Banking 

ECON 350 Government Finance

ECON 375 Economic History of the United States

ECON 407 Economic Analysis and Law

ECON 440 Money, Credit, and Monetary Policy.

1.6

explain how a free-market economic system works to coordinate and facilitate the exchange, production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services in domestic and international markets;

Elementary

Major:

Minor:

Secondary

Major

The required introductory classes, ECON 201 and ECON 202 introduce students to the workings of a free market economy. In the required sequence,  ECON 301 and  ECON 302 students learn how to model and analyze a free market economy. The following elective s address the workings of the free market economy:

ECON 405 Economic Analysis for Business

ECON 300 Contemporary Economics

ECON 336 Economics of Environment and Natural Resources 

ECON 337 Energy Economics and Policies

ECON 338 Land Economics 

ECON 340 Money and Banking 

ECON 375 Economic History of the United States

ECON 385 Economic Development 

ECON 386 Technology and Economic Growth

ECON 480 International Economics

Minor

The required introductory classes, ECON 201 and ECON 202 introduce students to the workings of a free market economy. In the required sequence, The following elective s address the workings of the free market economy:

ECON 405 Economic Analysis for Business

ECON 300 Contemporary Economics

ECON 336 Economics of Environment and Natural Resources 

ECON 337 Energy Economics and Policies

ECON 338 Land Economics 

ECON 340 Money and Banking 

ECON 375 Economic History of the United States

ECON 385 Economic Development 

ECON 386 Technology and Economic Growth

ECON 480 International Economics

1.7

explain how economic systems other than a free-market system work to coordinate and facilitate the exchange, production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services in domestic and international markets;

Elementary

Major:

Minor:

Secondary

Major

The required introductory classes, ECON 201 and ECON 202 introduce students to the workings of a free market economy. In the required sequence,  ECON 301 and  ECON 302 students learn how to model and analyze a free market economy. The following elective s address the workings of the free market economy:

ECON 405 Economic Analysis for Business

ECON 300 Contemporary Economics

ECON 336 Economics of Environment and Natural Resources 

ECON 337 Energy Economics and Policies

ECON 338 Land Economics 

ECON 340 Money and Banking 

ECON 375 Economic History of the United States

ECON 385 Economic Development 

ECON 386 Technology and Economic Growth

ECON 480 International Economics.

Minor

The required introductory classes, ECON 201 and ECON 202 introduce students to the workings of a free market economy. In the required sequence, The following elective s address the workings of the free market economy:

ECON 405 Economic Analysis for Business

ECON 300 Contemporary Economics

ECON 336 Economics of Environment and Natural Resources 

ECON 337 Energy Economics and Policies

ECON 338 Land Economics 

ECON 340 Money and Banking 

ECON 375 Economic History of the United States

ECON 385 Economic Development 

ECON 386 Technology and Economic Growth

ECON 480 International Economics

1.8

describe how trade generates economic development and interdependence for individuals, producers, and governments; and

Elementary

Major:

Minor:

Secondary

Major

The required introductory classes, ECON 201 and ECON 202 introduce students to the effects of trade on the domestic and world economy.. In the required sequence,  ECON 301 and  ECON 302 students learn how to model and analyze trade’s effect on individuals, government and businesses. The following elective s address the workings of trade:

ECON 480 International Economics

ECON 406 History of Economic Thought

ECON 375 Economic history of the US

ECON 385 Economic Development

ECON 300 Contemporary Economics

Minor

The required introductory classes, ECON 201 and ECON 202 introduce students to the effects of trade on the domestic and world economy. In the required sequence,. The following elective s address the issue of trade:

ECON 480 International Economics

ECON 406 History of Economic Thought

ECON 375 Economic history of the US

ECON 385 Economic Development

ECON 300 Contemporary Economics

1.9

explain how trade results in challenges and benefits for individuals, producers, and governments.

Elementary

Major:

Minor:

Secondary

Major

The required introductory classes, ECON 201 and ECON 202 introduce students to the effects of trade on the domestic and world economy. In the required sequence,  ECON 301 and  ECON 302 students learn how to model and analyze trade’s effect on individuals, government and businesses. The following elective s address the issue of trade:

ECON 480 International Economics

ECON 406 History of Economic Thought

ECON 375 Economic history of the US

ECON 385 Economic Development

ECON 300 Contemporary Economics

Minor

The required introductory classes, ECON 201 and ECON 202 introduce students to the effects of trade on the domestic and world economy.  In the required sequence,  The following elective s address the workings of the issue of trade:

ECON 480 International Economics

ECON 406 History of Economic Thought

ECON 375 Economic history of the US

ECON 385 Economic Development

ECON 300 Contemporary Economics

2.0

Standard 2: Make Interdisciplinary Connections

The program will ensure that candidates understand the fundamental ideas, concepts and facts that provide the basis of the
K-12 content standards in each of the four core social studies disciplines, as specified in the Michigan Curriculum Framework.  Programs may include courses required as general education requirements; for example, an American Government course could supplement an economics minor.  An interdisciplinary course could be taught as part of a major or minor, such as an economic history course for an economics major.  Clear indications of interdisciplinary connections should be evidenced in the course syllabi and measures of candidate performance. 

Taking into account the discipline of economics, the teacher candidate is able to:

2.1

sequence chronologically major eras within United States history and key events within those eras in order to examine relationships and explain cause and effect;

Elementary

Major:

Minor:

Secondary

Major:

All economics majors are required to take HIST 102 Western Civilization 1648 – World War I and HIST103  Twentieth Century Civilization. These classes give students a background in the European and World History (including America) that affect the modern  global economy. The History electives His 123 United States to 1877 and  His 124 United States since 1877 cover all the time periods of U.S. history included in the MCF.

In HIST 481 Social Studies Teaching, all students complete a project using the Michigan History Themes project to design U.S. history instruction and assessment.

The Economics elective ECON 375 Economic History of the United States addresses the economic issues in U.S. history and how they affected U.S. society.

Minor:

The history electives,  His 102 Western Civilization 1648 – World War I and His 103  Twentieth Century Civilization,  give students a background in the European and World History (including America) that affect the modern  global economy. The History electives His 123 United States to 1877 and  His 124 United States since 1877 cover all the time periods of U.S. history included in the MCF.

In HIST 481 Social Studies Teaching, all students complete a project using the Michigan History Themes project to design U.S. history instruction and assessment.

The Economics elective ECON 375 Economic History of the United States addresses the economic issues in U.S. history and how they affected U.S. society.

2.2

describe the five themes of geography and apply them to basic world geography;

Elementary

Major:

Minor:

Secondary

Major:

Both of the geography courses that fulfill the requirements of  the major, GEOG 107 Introduction to Geography or

GEOG 110 World Regions,  give students a strong background in the study of geography and the Five Themes of Cultural Geography, as set down in the MCF.

Minor:

Both of the elective geography courses GEOG 107 Introduction to Geography and

GEOG 110 World Regions,  give students a strong background in the study of geography and the Five Themes of Cultural Geography, as set down in the MCF.

2.3

explain the structure and function of American government, core democratic values, and the rights and responsibilities of citizens; and

Elementary

Major:

Minor:

Secondary

Major:

PLSC 112/3 American Government

meets the standard for American government and citizen responsibilities. The class covers constitutional rights and responsibilities of citizenship.

Minor:

PLSC 112/3 American Government

meets the standard for American government and citizen responsibilities. The class covers constitutional rights and responsibilities of citizenship.

2.4

describe how women and minorities have been affected by the American economic system.

Elementary

Major:

Minor:

Secondary

Major:

The required classes, ECON 201 and

ECON 202 introduce students to issues of discrimination in the economy.  The elective classes ECON 321 Minority Workers in the Labor Market ,

ECON 327 Economics of Poverty, Inequality and Discrimination, 

Econ 328 Economics of Women, address the issues of women and minorities in the American economy.

Minor:

The required classes, ECON 201 and

ECON 202 introduce students to issues of discrimination in the economy.  The elective classes ECON 321 Minority Workers in the Labor Market ,

ECON 327 Economics of Poverty, Inequality and Discrimination, 

Econ 328 Economics of Women, address the issues of women and minorities in the American economy.

3.0

Standard 3: Can Apply Social Science Perspectives

The program will help candidates develop skills in the crosscutting themes presented in the Michigan Curriculum Framework social studies content standards (inquiry, public discourse and decision making, and citizen involvement). 

The teacher candidate is able to:

3.1

acquire information from books, maps, newspapers, data sets, and other sources; organize and present the information in maps, graphs, charts, and time lines; interpret the meaning and significance of information; and use a variety of electronic technologies to assist in assessing and managing information;

Elementary

Major:

Minor:

Secondary

Major:

The required courses, ECON 201 Principles of Economics I,  ECON 202 Principles of Economics II , ECON 301 Intermediate Macroeconomic Analysis, and ECON 302 Intermediate Microeconomic Analysis  all require students to develop  information processing, research and writing skills in economics, using both print and electronic resources.

Minor:

The required courses, ECON 201 Principles of Economics I and  ECON 202 Principles of Economics II , all require students to develop  information processing, research and writing skills in economics, using both print and electronic resources.

3.2

conduct investigations including the ability to formulate a clear statement of questions, gather and organize information from a variety of sources, analyze and interpret information, formulate and test hypotheses, report results both orally and in writing, and make use of appropriate technology;

Elementary

Major:

Minor:

Secondary

Major:

The required courses, ECON 201 Principles of Economics I,  ECON 202 Principles of Economics II , ECON 301 Intermediate Macroeconomic Analysis, and ECON 302 Intermediate Microeconomic Analysis  all require students to develop  information processing, research and writing skills in economics, using both print and electronic resources.

Minor:

The required courses, ECON 201 Principles of Economics I and  ECON 202 Principles of Economics II , all require students to develop  information processing, research and writing skills in economics, using both print and electronic resources.

3.3

state issues clearly as questions of public policy, trace the origins of the issues, analyze various perspectives people bring to the issue, and evaluate possible ways to resolve the issue;

Elementary

Major:

Minor:

Secondary

Major:

PLSC 112/3 American Government requires student writing on issues of public policy, using historical and reasoned arguments for their position.

Minor:

PLSC 112/3 American Government requires student writing on issues of public policy, using historical and reasoned arguments for their position.

3.4

engage in constructive conversation about matters of public concern by clarifying issues, considering opposing views, applying democratic values, anticipating consequences, and working toward making decisions;

Elementary

Major:

Minor:

Secondary

Major:

PLSC 112/3 American Government requires student discussion of public policy, using historical and reasoned arguments for their position.

Minor:

PLSC 112/3 American Government requires student discussion of public policy, using historical and reasoned arguments for their position.

3.5

compose coherent written essays that express positions on public issues and justify the positions with reasoned arguments; and

Elementary

Major:

Minor:

Secondary

Major:

PLSC 112/3 American Government requires student writing on topics of public policy, using historical and reasoned arguments for their position.

Minor:

PLSC 112/3 American Government requires student writing on topics of public policy, using historical and reasoned arguments for their position.

3.6

consider the effects of an individual’s actions on other people, how one acts in accordance with the rule of law, and how one acts in a virtuous and ethically responsible way as a member of society. 

Elementary

Major:

Minor:

Secondary

Major:

PLSC 112/3 American Government

Includes instruction  on responsible citizenship.

Minor:

PLSC 112/3 American Government

Includes instruction  on responsible citizenship.

4.0

Standard 4: Can Provide Social Studies Instruction

The program will teach candidates how to design, present, and assess social studies instruction.  (Programs should provide evidence in field experiences or content area methods classes that students have developed instructional skills specifically related to history.) 

The teacher candidate: 

4.1

is knowledgeable about teaching methods, curriculum organization, and instructional materials in history; 

Major:

Minor:

Secondary

Major:

CURR 305 - Curriculum and Methods - Secondary, part of the professional  education sequence, teaches about curriculum design within the major for each student, and requires a unit in that major addressing state standards and benchmarks.

HIST 481 – The Teaching of Social Studies , the methods of teaching history and social studies course, further addresses powerful and authentic ways to teach and assess student knowledge based on the MCF.

Minor:

CURR 305 - Curriculum and Methods - Secondary, part of the professional  education sequence, teaches about curriculum design within the major for each student, and requires a unit in that major addressing state standards and benchmarks.

4.2

can design, present, and assess instructional activities in history as described in the Michigan Curriculum Framework teaching and learning standards (higher order thinking, deep knowledge, substantive conversations, and connections to the world beyond the classroom); 

Major:

Minor:

Secondary

Major:

CURR 305 - Curriculum and Methods - Secondary, part of the professional  education sequence, teaches about curriculum design within the major for each student, and requires a unit in that major addressing state standards and benchmarks.

HIST 481 – The Teaching of Social Studies , the methods of teaching history and social studies course, further addresses powerful and authentic ways to teach and assess student knowledge based on the MCF.

Minor:

CURR 305 - Curriculum and Methods - Secondary, part of the professional  education sequence, teaches about curriculum design within the major for each student, and requires a unit in that major addressing state standards and benchmarks.

4.3

has had multiple experiences presenting history content to students; 

Major:

Minor:

Secondary

Major:

CURR 305 - Curriculum and Methods - Secondary, part of the professional  education sequence, teaches about curriculum design within the major for each student, and requires a unit in that major addressing state standards and benchmarks.

In FETE 302, which accompanies CURR 305 - Curriculum and Methods - Secondary, students teach a lesson in a classroom on a topic in their major.

In FETE 304, which accompanies EDPS 340 INTRODUCTION TO ASSESSMENT AND EVALUATION students create pre- and post-assessments in their major and implement these in the classroom.

HIST 481 – The Teaching of Social Studies , the methods of teaching history and social studies course, further addresses powerful and authentic ways to teach and assess student knowledge based on the MCF.

In student teaching, students teach a unit in their major field.

Minor:

CURR 305 - Curriculum and Methods - Secondary, part of the professional  education sequence, teaches about curriculum design within the major for each student, and requires a unit in that major addressing state standards and benchmarks.

In FETE 302, which accompanies CURR 305 – Curriculum and Methods - Secondary, students teach a lesson in a classroom on a topic in their major.

In FETE 304, which accompanies EDPS 340 INTRODUCTION TO ASSESSMENT AND EVALUATION students create pre- and post-assessments in their major and implement these in the classroom.

In student teaching, students teach a unit in their major field.

4.4

has made sustained use of technology appropriate to teaching history; 

Major:

Minor:

Secondary

Major:

In HIST 481 – The Teaching of Social Studies , technology and the uses of it in the social studies classroom is woven into each topic, as electronic and print resources are given for each subject studies in the class.

In EDMT 330 - INSTRUCTIONAL APPLICATIONS OF MEDIA AND TECHNOLOGY, students learn about a wide variety of technological resources, in accordance with the entry-level standards for Michigan teachers.

Minor:

In EDMT 330 - INSTRUCTIONAL APPLICATIONS OF MEDIA AND TECHNOLOGY, students learn about a wide variety of technological resources, in accordance with the entry-level standards for Michigan teachers.

4.5

can implement the Michigan Curriculum Framework content standards in the history classroom; and

Major:

Minor:

Secondary

Major:

CURR 305 - Curriculum and Methods - Secondary, part of the professional  education sequence, teaches about curriculum design within the major for each student, and requires a unit in that major addressing state standards and benchmarks.

HIST 481 – The Teaching of Social Studies , the methods of teaching history and social studies course, further addresses powerful and authentic ways to teach and assess student knowledge based on the MCF.

Minor:

CURR 305 – Curriculum and Methods - Secondary, part of the professional education sequence, teaches about curriculum design within the major for each student, and requires a unit in that major addressing state standards and benchmarks.

4.6

will design and use assessments appropriate to the field of history.

Major:

Minor:

Secondary

Major:

In HIST 481 – The Teaching of Social Studies , assessment issues are woven into the class for each topic. Units created in HIST 481 – The Teaching of Social Studies  are required to contain both objective and alternative assessments, based on the MCF.

In EDPS 340 INTRODUCTION TO ASSESSMENT AND EVALUATION, students create a Classroom Assessment Plan in their major field, which is based on the MCF standards and benchmarks.

Minor:

In EDPS 340 INTRODUCTION TO ASSESSMENT AND EVALUATION, students create a Classroom Assessment Plan in their major field, which is based on the MCF standards and benchmarks.