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How to Cite / Format
References for Research Papers

Citing Print/Internet Sources

Below are links to web sites that display how to format bibliographies according the some of the most frequently used academic style manuals.

You might also take note of three web-based services:

  • KnightCite Citation Machine is a free, interactive web tool that can help you format bibliographic citations for basic types of souce publications, e.g., books, magazine articles, joural articles, and web documents, according to APA, Chicago, and MLA style rules.
  • Citation Machine is a free, interactive web tool that can help you format bibliographic citations for basic types of souce publications, e.g., books, magazine articles, joural articles, according to APA style rules and MLA style rules.
  • EasyBib is a free, interactive web tool that can help you format bibliographic citations for MLA style rules.
  • Citation Builder (SourceAid) is a free, interactive web tool that can help you format bibliographic citations according to APA, MLA, Chicago, and Council of Science Editors style rules.
  • Citation Builder (University of North Carolina) is a free, interactive web tool that can help you format bibliographic citations for basic types of source publications according to APA, MLA, Chicago, and CBE/CSE style rules.
  • Faculty, as well as students whose work entails the discovery and citation of many information resources, e.g. honors students, Master's and Doctoral students, should be aware that the EMU Library and Graduate School are paying for a campus subscription to RefWorks. RefWorks is a web-based bibliographic management service that can not only store and organize the references you collect in the course of your research, but can also format bibliographies according to many different style rules, such as those from the Modern Language Association (MLA) and the American Psychological Association (APA).

American Psychological Association (APA) Style (5th Ed., 2001)

There have been changes in APA's style guidelines with the release of the APA Style Guide to Electronic References (2007) [PDF - Available on EMU campus or off-campus with My.Emich username/password]. The unofficial APA style guides below are starting to reflect the changes described in the 2007 document.

Modern Language Association (MLA) Style

American Medical Association (AMA) Style (Print and Internet)

Chicago Manual of Style (15th Edition)

Chicago Manual of Style (14th Edition)

Turabian Style

CSE (Council of Science Editors) Style
[Formerly CBE (Counicl of Biology Editors) Style]

Legal Citation

American Sociological Association (ASA) Style

Citing Mental Measurements Yearbook

Last updated: June 17, 2009
Technical Contact: Keith Stanger, keith@stanger.com


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