Americans lost in world of geography
Copyright 2005 Knight Ridder/Tribune News Service
Knight Ridder/Tribune News Service
Copyright 2005 The Miami Herald  
The Miami Herald

February 7, 2005, Monday
SECTION: DOMESTIC NEWS
KR-ACC-NO: K3754
LENGTH: 1060 words
HEADLINE: Americans lost in world of geography
BYLINE: By Martin Merzer
BODY:
MIAMI _ The 46 students are on Earth, in North America, in the United States, in Florida, at the University of Miami, in the Whitten Learning Center, at latitude 25.72, longitude 80.27.
And, like a lot of Americans, the young people in an introductory geography course are not quite sure what geography is _ or why they should care.
What geography is: where things are located, why they are located there and the consequences of their location. Why everyone should care: The world is changing rapidly, and Americans lag far behind in their knowledge of other lands and other people.
One measuring stick _ a self-administered "Geography Olympics" Internet quiz taken by 900,000 people worldwide in just the past year _ showed Americans in 21st place, behind residents of New Zealand, Croatia, Bangladesh and Uzbekistan. Among Americans who took that quiz, Floridians rank 31st.
A 2002 survey conducted in nine countries for National Geographic found that American young adults (18 to 24 years old) came in eighth, ahead of only their counterparts in Mexico. Americans were particularly weak in questions concerning the Middle East and Asia.
"This says a lot about the way we go through our lives, without taking the time to think about the rest of the world," said Roger Andresen, a former resident of Miami who has traveled widely and runs A Broader View of Atlanta, which produces the Geography Olympics, and sells puzzles designed to improve geographic literacy.
Globally, it is in our economic and political self-interest, experts say, to be literate in geography. Closer to home, geography _ particularly the emerging field of geotechnology _ is becoming a robust generator of jobs.
"We are being forced to function in a global economy, so it really pays to know your way around the world," said Tom Boswell, chairman of the University of Miami's geography department. "Geography is a field that has slipped between the gaps. As a result, the rest of the world knows a lot more about the rest of the world than we do."
In Great Britain, geography is the third most popular college major, Boswell said. At the University of Miami, exactly one entering freshman chose geography last year as a probable major, he said.
In Germany, the typical high school student takes four years of geography; in the United States, many high school students have no contact with a distinct geography course.
To be fair, some high schools in South Florida offer geography courses, many schools participate in geography bees, and elements of geography sometimes are embedded in social studies and other courses.


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Still, any real concentration in the subject is rare.
"We would like to see specific geography courses, but absent that, we'd like to see a strong geographic component in other social sciences," said Douglas Richardson, executive director of the Association of American Geographers.
Richardson doesn't view the situation with as much alarm as some other experts, noting that his Washington-based group has more than 8,400 members and that geotechnology, which includes global positioning systems and computerized geographic information systems, is rapidly gaining ground at some universities.
Still, many educators say the problem of geographic literacy is national in scope.
"I think that part of our increasing academic rigor, which includes higher expectations, needs to include improvement in our geography courses," said Jim Warford, Florida's chancellor for K-12 education.
"We are not satisfied with the level of success of our students in geography at the present time, nor should we be," Warford said. "But we've established some priorities like reading, and we believe that improvements in reading will lead to greater success in geography."
Even if you studied geography in school long ago, you might be surprised by changes in the field. Geography now reaches well beyond study of the seven continents and the Mercator map projection.
It turns out that the subject is now divided into physical geography (land and water masses, vegetation, soils, even climate) and human geography (how surroundings influence people and how people influence their surroundings).
And it turns out that geography and geographers can help you navigate your way through a multitude of issues.
Want to analyze the concentration and effect of Cuban Americans in South Florida? Understand the assimilation of Jewish people in the United States? Know where to place a new elementary school?
Call a geographer for a consultation.
Interested in environmental science, transportation policy or some elements of homeland security? Wondering about agriculture and land use, how land masses affected history, the source and spread of disease? Curious about a region's vulnerability to hurricanes, tsunamis or other natural disasters?
Call a geographer for a consultation.
"If you're interested in traveling, if you like other places, if you want to see the other side of the mountain, you'd enjoy studying geography," Boswell said.
Boswell, 63, has been teaching geography for 35 years, the last 28 at the university of Miami. As one might expect, world maps hang in his office, along with a satellite image of South Florida. Also, if you want to know the geographic, mean and median centers of U.S. population, this would be the bulletin board to look at.
Boswell is one of 10 members of UM's geography faculty. Together, they teach about 500 students each semester, though most students take introductory geography courses as a natural-science or social-science elective. Only about 40 undergraduates at UM have selected geography as a major and 12 students are pursuing a graduate degree in the field, Boswell said. UM serves more than 15,000 undergraduate and graduate students.
A major in geography also is available at Florida Atlantic University and Florida International University.
Still, given the relatively low interest in the subject at most levels and the rising need for geographically trained professionals, educators are lobbying for more influence and for more resources.
"Curriculum is something that's hard to change at the local level," Boswell said. "It's coming, but slowly. Americans still really need to know more about geography."

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